AccuPower® qPCR Array Service

qPCR Array Service is qPCR analysis service that follow the guideline of MIQE† (Minimum Information for Publication of Quantitative Real-Time PCR Experiments), which are guidelines for qPCR experiments for publishing data.

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Cat. No.

S-6001

Product Overview

Overview

Bioneer's qPCR Array Service provides qPCR analysis services that comply with the *MIQE guidelines, which are guidelines for Real-Time PCR experts and qPCR experiment guidelines for paper publication.
*The Minimum Information for Publication of Quantitative Real-Time PCR Experiments (MIQE) “qPCR gene expression analysis” Agreed for quality control of papers: Bustin, S.A., et al. 2009. The MIQE Guidelines: Minimum Information for Publication of Quantitative Real-Time PCR Experiments, Clinical Chemistry 55:4, 611-622.

Features and Benefits

All-in-one service providing from nucleic acid extraction to qPCR analysis
Accurate and rapid high-quality qPCR analysis service
Customized-qPCR analysis service
Save time and cost for Primer set up
NGS result verification – qPCR validation

Service list

▶ Total RNA extraction

According to the type of requested samples, we first choose the suitable high quality, high purity RNA extraction kit to undergo total RNA extraction. Moreover, to eliminate gDNAs that affects mRNA quantification, we treat the sample with RNase free DNase I.

▶ Total RNA Quality Check

All the impurities in the extracted total RNA may affect the amplification efficiency by inhibiting the PCR polymerase reaction. Therefore, spectrophotometers are used for measuring both the quantity and purity of the nucleic acids. Since it is difficult to accurately quantify the amount of degraded RNA, capillary gel electrophoresis is also used to measure the RNA quality score (RQS). All those measurements will be recorded in the report and sent to the customers. We will proceed to the next step only if the purity and the degree of degradation of the RNA satisfy the recommended value (RQS > 8.0).

*If the customer wants, the qPCR service will be still available for samples even for those that do not satisfy the RQS standards. However, Bioneer will not guarantee the reliability of the derived data.

Figure 1. Total RNA quality check example. Agilent 5200 Fragment Analyzer Results.

▶ Primer set up

Target-specific primers are designed using primer blast and bioinformatics tool. They are designed to amplify all transcript variants of the target gene, and self primer-dimer forming sequences are excluded. After Primers that are designed and synthesized validate target gene specific amplification using standard template such as Stratagene reference total RNA (Human, Mouse, Rat), use in qPCR.

Figure 2. (A, B) Identification of target gene amplification and single melting peak using Exicycler™ 96 Real-Time Quantitative Thermal Block. (C) Identification of single band in Gel electrophoresis.

▶ cDNA synthesis

cDNA synthesis is an important step along with RNA quality check for the gene expression analysis as its efficiency is greatly influenced by the mRNA. By using Bioneer’s patent technologies of Thermostable RTase (RocketScript™) and Cyclic Temperature Reverse Transcription (CTRT), full-length cDNA can be synthesized, even with RNAs having complex secondary structures, for accurate expression analysis. The RT primers used may vary from Oligo dT and Random primer(dN6, dN12) depending on the purpose of the customer’s research purposes.

Figure 3. Comparison of cDNA synthesis efficiency between Bioneer's and other companies’.

▶ qPCR

Bioneer's qPCR Array Service is performed by experienced experts in qPCR experiments. It is a high-sensitivity detection optical system and has been patented Exicycler™ 96 Real-Time Quantitative Thermal Cycler is used to produce highly reliable qPCR data. All equipment is regularly inspected and managed by ISO regulations.

Figure 4. Exicycler™ 96 Real-Time Quantitative Thermal Block, Exicycler™ 384 Real-Time Quantitative Thermal Block, Amplification curve.

Analyzing and providing qPCR results

2-ΔΔCt method is used for carrying out relative quantitative analysis using qPCR. Excel file will be sent to the customers with the following data: raw Ct values, melting curve analysis, p-value, and fold change. (additional providable data: scatter plots, volcano plots, and heat map image.) qPCR raw data can be provided if Exicycler™ analysis software is installed. Information on primers such as genetic information, amplicon size, and PCR conditions following the MIQE can be also provided upon the customer’s request.

Figure 5. qPCR analysis results. (A) Fold change. (B) Heat map. (C) Scatter plot. (D) Volcano plot.

Workflow

▶ (Cell or Tissue / Total RNA / cDNA) qPCR Array Service Progress

1Order form receipt

Download qPCR Array Service Order Form in homepage and fill out it including personal information, sample information and experiment description, and so on. Then, send the completed form to qPCRarray@bioneer.com

2Service consultation and quotation

We will consult on experiment procedure and provide quotation on the basis of contents wrote down in order form.

3Sample shipping

Our salesperson will visit in person or the customer will send the sample using a courier.

4Primer set up

We design target specific primers and validate target gene specific amplification experimentally on the basis of gene information wrote down in order form.

5Nucleic acid extraction and Quality Check

Nucleic acid is extracted from received samples and quality check is performed to check nucleic acid’s purity & integrity.
In the case of RNA, check the QC results and decide whether to proceed with the further procedure.

6cDNA synthesis

cDNA is synthesized using Bioneer’s high-efficiency cDNA synthesis kit. Also, we use various RT primers (Oligo dT, Random primer[dN6, dN12]), depending on the customer’s research purpose.

7qPCR experiments

We perform qPCR experiments as technical triplicates generally and utilize our Exicycler™ 96 Real-Time Quantitative Thermal Block or Exicycler™ 384 Real-Time Quantitative Thermal Block, depending on the number of samples and genes.

8Result Analysis

2-ΔΔCt method is used for carrying out relative quantitative analysis using qPCR. qPCR data will be sent to the customers with excel file in a form, basically.

9Final Results Report

qPCR raw data and result report will be provided through the e-mail address filled out in the order form.

Ordering Protocol

▶ qPCR Array Service Order

Please fill in the qPCR Array Service Order Form and send to qPCRarray@bioneer.com. We will guide you based on the contents of the service consultation.
For primer set-up, $100 will be charged.
Download the qPCR Array Service order form

▶ qPCR Array Service Time required

Number of analyzed genes	Service deadline
≤ 16 genes	2 weeks
≤ 32 genes	2 ~ 3 weeks
≤ 96 genes	3 ~ 5 weeks

*Service Time is variable depending on sample type and consultation contents.

▶ RNA extraction request

Tissue sample request

Required sample amount : 25 ~ 50 mg

How to prepare samples : After tissue extraction, to minimize the RNA degradation, select one of the following methods to prepare the samples.

Method 1	Freeze the tissue samples in a liquid nitrogen and store at -80 ° C.
Method 2	Treat them with a RNA stabilization solution according to its manual and store at -80 ℃.
Method 3	Treat them using lysis buffer (Guanidinium thiocyanate buffer ) containing 1% beta-mercaptoethanol in the ratio of 500 μl per 20-30 mg of tissue. Then, disintegrate using a homogenizer and store at -80 ° C. AccuPrep® RB buffer of Universal RNA Extraction Kit

Cell sample request

Required sample amount : 10⁴ ~ 10⁸ cells

How to prepare samples : After cell harvesting, to minimize the RNA degradation, select one of the following methods to prepare the samples.

Method 1	Rapidly freeze the samples Immediately with liquid nitrogen and store at -80 ° C.
Method 2	Treat them with a RNA stabilization solution according to its manual and store at -80 ℃.
Method 3	Treat them with lysis buffer (Guanidinium thiocyanate buffer ) containing1% Beta-mercaptoethanol. Add 400 μl of lysis buffer per 10⁴ ~ 10⁶ of cells. Disintegrate using a homogenizer and store at -80 ° C. AccuPrep® RB buffer of Universal RNA Extraction Kit

Request blood and
other samples

A separate consultation will be required for samples other than cells and tissues. In case of blood samples, we highly recommend using EDTA-tube.
For other samples including the blood, please contact us at qPCRarray@bioneer.com.

▶ Total RNA sample request

Required sample amount

* Depending on your experimental design, we may ask for more.

Number of analyzed genes	Lowest volume	Minimum concentration	Total RNA amount
≤ 16 genes	15 ul	100 ng/ul	>5 ug
≤ 32 genes			>10 ug
≤ 96 genes			>20 ug

Precautions

Undergo RNA extraction quickly in an RNase-free environment.
During the extraction process, remove genomic DNA by DNase I treatment.
Check whether the 260 / 280 nm value of the RNA extracted from the spectrophotometer is 1.8 or more.
Test whether the ratio of RNA Electrophoresis 28S / 18S rRNA band of extracted RNA is 2 : 1.
Store the extracted RNA samples at -80 ° C.

▶ cDNA sample request

Required sample amount

* Depending on your experimental design, we may ask for more.

Number of analyzed genes	cDNA volume
≤ 16 genes	200 ul
≤ 32 genes	400 ul
≤ 96 genes	900 ul

Precautions

Synthesize cDNA using high purity RNA as shown below.
- Spectrophotometer 260/280 nm value of 1.8 or higher
- RNA Electrophoresis 28S / 18S rRNA band 2 : 1 ratio
Check whether the recommended amount of RNA used for cDNA synthesis is 0.4 ~ 1 ug / 20 ul (1 rxn).
- Genes with low expression levels can only be synthesized with higher RNA content for more accurate results.
Store synthesized cDNA samples below -20 ° C.

▶ Sending the samples

Pick up : Visit the nearby institution available for your region
Courier delivery : For regions and agencies that cannot be visited by us
- Address to send : 71, Techno 2-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea Bioneer gene expression analysis
- Contact : +82-42-939-6344
Precautions
- To prevent degradation of sample by delayed delivery, do not send the samples on the day before Friday or holiday.
- To avoid RNA degradation during the delivery, please enclose them with sufficient amount of dry ice.

FAQ

What is qPCR Array Service?

qPCR Array Service provides accurate quantitative results for many genes by providing a combination of quantitative PCR with high sensitivity and reliability for gene expression analysis and microarray technique for analyzing expression patterns of several genes at once.

How can I place an order?

Please refer to the How to Order tab. Then, click the qPCR Array Service Order Form qPCR Array Service Order Form and send it to qPCRarray@bioneer.com . We will immediately guide you to consultation and quotation.

How do I prepare samples?

In the 'How to Order' tab, you can refer to the note on sample request.

1) RNA extraction request

2) Total RNA sample request

3) cDNA sample request

How is the final report provided?

1. qPCR array service report (pdf file)
Provides workflow-specific results and fold change values for the entire qPCR Array Service.

2. Fold change analysis file (excel file)
Provides the calculation sheet recorded with the analyzed fold change values such as raw Ct, dCt, 2-dCt , fold change, etc., applied with a relative quantification 2-ΔΔCt method.

3. qPCR array service raw data (excel file)
Provides qPCR results with the analyzed raw data such as PCR protocol, Ct, Ct Threshold, Baseline, Tm values, etc., through Exicycler analysis program.

4. qPCR array service Interpret results Help (pdf)
Provides guidelines on qPCR array services and result analysis.

Do I have to prepare an analytical primer separately along with the samples for this service?

You don’t need to. As long as you provide an accurate information for the samples, we will undergo the analysis after the primer design and validation steps.

DNase I can not be processed in our laboratory. What should I do?

We also have an addidional service called "DNase I treatment." Although we only apply the servive for those requesting the RNA sample analysis, it is provided as default when requesting qPCR array services from the RNA extraction.

How can I identify the Gene ID or accession number of the target gene?

1. Check your Gene ID

1) Search by target gene symbol in NCBI Gene (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/).

2) Gene ID is the number found at the bottom of the gene name. Check the Gene name and Description to make sure it is correct.

2. Find Accession number

1) Search by target gene symbol in NCBI Gene (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/).

2) After selecting the gene name, under 'mRNA and Protein(s)' category, you can see the mRNA and protein accession number in the category.

How do I select a reference gene (internal control / housekeeping gene) suitable for my experiment?

The relative analysis 2-ddCt method uses a reference gene to normalize the extraction yield, reverse transcription yield, amplification efficiency, and the RNA quantity. The selected gene must be able to undergo stable expression and closely related to the total RNA contents of the samples. Also, as selecting the reference genes are highly important to get accurate qPCR results for each experiment, we advise choosing them based on the related papers and experiment results. If you find this step difficult, we provide an additional service for reference gene screening. Refer to AccuPower® qPCR Array System: Reference qPCR primer Set page.

Selection Guide

qPCR Array Library

▶ Cancer

Angiogenesis PCR Library	Angiogenesis PCR Library is for researching the expression of key genes involved with modulating the biological processes of angiogenesis by including includes growth factors and their receptors, chemokines and cytokines, matrix and adhesion molecules, proteases and their inhibitors, as well as transcription factors, all involved in the development of new blood vessels. · Click here for gene information
Apoptosis PCR Library	Apoptosis PCR Library is for researching the expression of key genes involved with programmed cell death which has critical role in normal biological processes requiring cell removal including differentiation, development, and homeostasis. · Click here for gene information
Cancer Drug Target, Metabolism and Resistance PCR Library	Cancer Drug Target, Metabolism and Resistance PCR Library is for researching the expression of key genes involved in the body's response to chemotherapy, such as important enzymes in drug resistance (P-glycoproteins), phase I metabolism (specifically the P450 family), and phase II metabolism (such as various covalent modification enzymes). · Click here for gene information
Cancer Mechanism and pathway PCR Library	Cancer Mechanism and Pathway PCR Library is for researching the expression of key gene involved in the major tumorigenesis and transformation mechanism of cancer, such as cell cycle control, DNA damage repair, apoptosis, cell senescence, signal transduction, transcription factors, adhesion, angiogenesis, invasion and metastasis. · Click here for gene information
Oncogenes and Tumor Suppressor Genes PCR Library	Oncogenes and Tumor Suppressor Genes PCR Library is for researching the expression of key genes involved with promotion of oncogenesis, oncogenic or tumor suppressor properties finding the correlation with biological phenotypes or clinical outcomes like staging, therapy selection, metastasis, recurrence, and survival rate, among others. · Click here for gene information
Tumor Metastasis PCR Library	Tumor Metastasis PCR Library is for researching the expression of key genes involved with in metastasis by including several classes of protein factors including cell adhesion, ECM components, cell cycle, cell growth and proliferation, apoptosis, transcription factors and regulators and other genes related to tumor metastasis. · Click here for gene information

▶ Cellular Differentiation & other actives

▶ Disease

Alopecia PCR Library	Alopecia PCR Library is for researching the expression of key genes Alopecia that means a condition in which hair is lost from some or all areas of the body including immunological processes such as interleukin signaling, skin related genes such as the keratins, and apoptosis/apoptosis inhibition related factors · Click here for gene information
ALS Pathogenesis PCR Library	ALS Pathogenesis PCR Library is for researching the expression of key genes involved in ALS (Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis) which is a devastating neurodegenerative disorder.. · Click here for gene information
Alzheimer's Disease PCR Library	Alzheimer's Disease PCR Library is for researching the expression of key genes involved in onset, development and progression of Alzheimer’s disease. · Click here for gene information
Asthma and Allergy PCR Library	Asthma and Allergy PCR Library is for researching the expression of key genes involved in allergic responses and asthma caused by over-representation of the T helper 2 (Th2) cell subtype and allergic inflammation is commonly characterized by the IgE Ab isotype. Both the cell and the molecule play central roles in allergic disease mechanisms. · Click here for gene information
Atherosclerosis PCR Library	Atherosclerosis PCR Library is for researching the expression of key genes involved in atherosclerosis including the factor of blood coagulation and circulation, cell-adhesion, lipid transport and metabolism, stress response, cell growth and proliferation, and apoptosis. · Click here for gene information
Autism PCR Library	Autism PCR Library is for researching the expression of key genes involved in a brain development disorder including the factor of neurodevelopment, neurotransmitters, cell adhesion molecules, and cell signal transduction. · Click here for gene information
Breast Cancer PCR Library	Breast Cancer PCR Library is for researching the expression of key genes involved in the dysregulation of signal transduction and other normal biological processes during breast carcinogenesis and in breast cancer cell lines. · Click here for gene information
Cardiac Hypertrophy PCR Library	Cardiac Hypertrophy PCR Library is for researching the expression of key genes involved in myocardium responding to a wide array of intrinsic and extrinsic stimuli, including hypertension, myocardial infarction, cardiac arrhythmias, valvular disease, endocrine disorders, increased workload, injury, and contractile abnormalities resulting from mutant sarcomeric proteins by hypertrophic growth. · Click here for gene information
Cholera PCR Library	Cholera PCR Library is for researching the expression of key genes involved in life cycles of cholera which induces vomiting, hypovolemic shock and acidosis. · Click here for gene information
Colorectal Cancer and Metastasis PCR Library	Colorectal Cancer and Metastasis PCR Library is for researching the expression of key genes involved in colorectal tumors arisen as a result of the mutational activation of oncogenes coupled with the mutational inactivation of tumor suppressor genes without a major role for gene amplification or rearrangement. And also, it contains metastatical state arisen as a result of the mutational activation of oncogenes coupled with the mutational inactivation of tumor suppressor genes without a major role for gene amplification or rearrangement. · Click here for gene information
Diabetes PCR Library	Diabetes PCR Library is for researching the expression of key genes related to the onset, development, and progression of diabetes. · Click here for gene information
Fibrosis PCR Library	Fibrosis PCR Library is for researching the expression of key genes involved in dysregulated tissue remodeling during the repair and healing of wounds which have three distinctive phases; inflammation, granulation and tissue remodeling. · Click here for gene information
HIV Infection and Immunity PCR Library	HIV Infection and Immunity PCR Library is for researching the expression of key genes involved in the host response to HIV infection by including the genes involved in innate and adaptive immunity related to HIV infection along with the key cellular cofactors for HIV replication. · Click here for gene information
Huntington's Disease PCR Library	Huntington's Disease PCR Library is for researching the expression of key genes directly or potentially involved in Huntington's disease (HD). · Click here for gene information
Hypertension PCR Library	Hypertension PCR Library is for researching the expression of key genes from biological pathways regulating blood vessel constriction and dilation in response to a variety of signals. · Click here for gene information
Liver Cancer PCR Library	Liver Cancer PCR Library is for researching the expression of key genes involved in the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), as well as other forms of hepatocarcinogenesis. · Click here for gene information
Lymphoma and Leukemia PCR Library	Lymphoma and Leukemia PCR Library is for identifing the expression patterns of specific genes and signaling pathways known to be involved or implicated in human hematopoietic neoplasms as well as in normal hematopoietic differentiation and function. · Click here for gene information
Mood Disorder PCR Library	Mood Disorder PCR Library is for researching the expression of key genes for monitoring gene expression or copy number variation associated with bipolar affective disorder, but also contains significant gene overlap with schizophrenia and other mood disorders. · Click here for gene information
Multiple Sclerosis PCR Library	Multiple Sclerosis PCR Library is for researching the expression of key genes involved in multiple sclerosis (MS) progression which is an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system, progressively destroys axonal myelin sheaths and oligodendrocytes. Symptoms primarily result from the loss of myelin and accompanying inflammation. · Click here for gene information
Neurodegeneration PCR Library	Neurodegeneration PCR Library is for researching the expression of genes that have been identified as important in many neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, Huntington's, ALS, prion disease and others. · Click here for gene information
Obesity PCR Library	Obesity PCR Library is for researching the expression of key genes associated with obesity-related genes that are directly involved in the regulation of energy intake and expenditure. These genes encode for orexigenic and anorectic peptides, hormones, receptors , central and peripheral signaling molecules involved in energy expenditure. · Click here for gene information
Osteoporosis PCR Library	Osteoporosis PCR Library is for researching the expression pattern of genes implicated in osteoporosis and osteogenesis by monitoring the Wnt and TGF- β signaling pathways which play an important role in the formation of bone and bone mineral density. · Click here for gene information
Pancreatic Adenocarinoma PCR Library	Pancreatic Adenocarinoma PCR Library is for researching the expression of key genes involved in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma evolved from a progressive cascade of cellular, morphological and architectural changes from normal ductal epithelium through pre-neoplastic lesions termed PanIN (Pancreatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia). · Click here for gene information
Parkinson's Disease PCR Library	Parkinson's Disease PCR Library is for researching the expression of key genes directly or potentially involved in Parkinson's disease (PD) which is neurodegenerative disorder caused by loss of dopaminergic neurons. · Click here for gene information
Prion PCR Library	Prion PCR Library is for researching the expression of key genes involved in prion disease, which is highly fetal neurodegenerative disorder, is caused by the toxic prion protein(PrP). · Click here for gene information
Prostate Cancer PCR Library	Prostate Cancer PCR Library is for researching the expression of key genes involved in prostate cancer development including deregulated genes detected routinely in molecular analysis of prostate cancer samples and in high-throughput microarray profiling studies, as well as genes known to have differentially methylated promoters in prostate cancer. · Click here for gene information
Rheumatoid Arthritis PCR Library	Rheumatoid Arthritis PCR Library is for researching the expression of key genes involved in RA (Rheumatoid Arthritis), which is a chronic debilitating autoimmune disease of unknown etiology affecting diarthrodial joints. Hallmarks of the synovial abnormalities in RA are synovial lining cell proliferation, neoangiogenesis, and inflammatory cell infiltration including the myeloid, macrophage, and lymphoid lineages. · Click here for gene information

▶ Immunology

▶ Metabolism

Amino Acid Metabolism PCR Library	Amino Acid Metabolism PCR Library is for researching the expression of key genes involved in biosynthesis and degradation of functional amino acids. · Click here for gene information
Fatty Acid Metabolism PCR Library	Fatty Acid Metabolism PCR Library is for researching the expression of key genes involved in the regulation and enzymatic pathways of fatty acid metabolism which is the process of energy generation and storing. Activated fatty acid is produced by breaking down of triacylglycerols, then it is transported into the mitochondria, where acetyl-CoA is obtained by α-oxidation. During resting states, cells store excess energy by re-systhesizing fatty acids. · Click here for gene information
Glucose Metabolism PCR Library	Glucose Metabolism PCR Library is for researching the expression of key genes involved in the regulation and enzymatic pathways of glucose and glycogen metabolism. · Click here for gene information
Oxidation and Regulation PCR Library	Oxidation and Regulation PCR Library is for researching the expression of key genes involved in oxidative stress including glutathione peroxidases (GPx), peroxiredoxins (TPx). reactive oxygen species (ROS) metabolism factors, oxidative stress responsive genes and genes involved in superoxide metabolism such as superoxide dismutases (SOD). · Click here for gene information

▶ Signal transduction

▶ Stem cell & cell development

Embryonic stem cell PCR Library	Embryonic Stem Cell PCR Library is for researching the expression of key genes involved in the maintenance of pluripotency and the self-renewal status of embryonic stem cells. · Click here for gene information
Hematopoietic Stem cells(HSCs) PCR Library	Hematopoietic Stem Cells (HSCs) PCR Library is for researching the expression of key genes involved in the development of blood-cell lineages from HSCs through progenitor stem cells. · Click here for gene information
IPS PCR Library	IPS(Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells) PCR Library is for researching the expression of key genes involved in pluripotency and early differentiation. · Click here for gene information
Mesenchymal Stem Cells PCR Library	Mesenchymal Stem Cells PCR Library is for researching the expression of key genes involved in maintaining pluripotency and self-renewal status which differentiates into a variety of cell types, such as osteoblasts, chondrocytes, myocytes, adipocytes and beta-pancreatic islets cells. · Click here for gene information
Neuronal Stem cell PCR Library	Neuronal Stem Cell PCR Library is for researching the expression of key genes involved in neurogenesis and neural stem cell differentiation which are related to the regulation of cell cycle, cell proliferation, differentiation, motility and migration. · Click here for gene information
Stem cell PCR Library I, II, III	Stem Cell PCR Library I, II, III are for researching the expression of key genes related to the identification, growth and differentiation of stem cells. · (Stem Cell PCR Library I )Click here for gene information · (Stem Cell PCR Library II )Click here for gene information · (Stem Cell PCR Library III ) Click here for gene information

▶ Toxicology & Drug Metabolism

Cardiotoxicity PCR Library	Cardiotoxicity PCR Library is for researching the expression of key genes involved in drug and chemical-induced cardiac injury. · Click here for gene information
Drug Metabolism PCR Library	Drug Metabolism PCR Library is for researching the expression of key genes critical in the metabolism of drugs, toxic chemicals, hormones and micronutrients which are important to pharmacology, endocrinology and food science. · Click here for gene information
Drug Transportation PCR Library	Drug Transportation PCR Library is for researching the expression of key genes encoding transporter proteins which play an important role in pharmacology, affecting entry and extrusion of drugs into and out of cells. · Click here for gene information
Hepatotoxicity PCR Library	Hepatotoxicity PCR Library is for researching the expression of key genes implicated as potential biomarkers of liver toxicity by including steatosis, phospholipidosis, non-genotoxic hepato-carcinogenicity and necrosis, as well as generalized hepatotoxicity biomarker. · Click here for gene information
Nephrotoxicity PCR Library	Nephrotoxicity PCR Library is for researching the expression of key genes implicated as potential biomarkers of kidney toxicity. · Click here for gene information
Neurotoxicity PCR Library	Neurotoxicity PCR Library is for researching the expression of key genes involved in drug and chemical-induced neurotoxic responses. · Click here for gene information
Toxicology Pathway PCR Library	Toxicology Pathway PCR Library is for researching the expression of key genes involved in at least 13 different biological pathways which are activated by response to toxic drugs. Profiling the gene expression level using this library could help to identify toxicological responses against treatment of some candidate drugs to human cell line. · Click here for gene information

▶ Biological Process

Biosynthesis PCR Library	· Click here for gene information
DNA & RNA Processing PCR Library	· Click here for gene information
Transport PCR Library	· Click here for gene information
Zinc Finger Proteins PCR Library	· Click here for gene information

▶ Unknown Genes

Unclassified Genes

· Click here for gene information

Review

▶ qPCR Array Service Customer Satisfaction

▶ qPCR Array Service Reviews

Affiliation / Research topics

Department of Molecular Dermatology, Kyung Hee University / Gene Expression by Treatment of Whitening Substance

Reviews:
Overall, I am satisfied with your service. I liked how the person in charge could provide us detailed information both before and after the service.

Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Myongji Hospital / Infection control and tissue proliferation by specific substances

Reviews:
I was having a difficult time to communicate with my fellow school researchers about my qPCR project. It wasn’t going well, but Bioneer helped us by fulfilling our needs and undergoing the service as we wanted. From this, we realized how experienced this institute was.

Medicine Cancer Institute of Seoul National University / Signaling pathway in gastric cancer cells

Reviews:
We think that Bioneer's qPCR array is very attractive in that it is possible to make an optional request for sample preparation before array, and to customize the gene to be analyzed without shifting it to the signaling pathway. It is a big advantage that the screening can be done in a short time because the difference in expression is calculated using the statistical value in about one week after the sample is submitted. You can also analyze the difference between the samples by giving raw data like Ct value to the result file. I think this service can provide researchers a lot of data in a short time.

Medicine Cancer Institute of Seoul National University / Gene expression by cytokine treatment of oncogene overexpressing cells

Reviews:
For these kinds of service, I believe the most important aspects are not only how inovative the technology is, but also how cooperative the service provider is. qPCR array team did a great job explaining all my queries and constantly giving us feedbacks about its progress. Moreover, parts of the results were separately done by us using qPCR, and surprisingly, it was similar to the ones I got from Bioneer.

Department of Oral Pathology, College of Dentistry, Chosun University / Gene expression between wild cells and anticancer-resistant cells in oral cancer cells

Reviews:
When we checked the results again in our laboratory, I like how reproducible those were.

Physiology classroom of Cha University / Src family kinase anti-cancer effect

Reviews:
In order to clarify the relationship between the gene expression pattern and the anticancer effect of src family kinase in pancreatic cancer, mRNA expression patterns of pancreatic cancer cell line MIA PaCa and Capan src family gene were requested. We were very satisfied how the results were similar to the ones we got from our laboratory. We believe we will use more services provided by Bioneer as we continue our researches. Thank you for providing us with well-organized data.

Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology Protein Research Center / Cancer related NF-kB signaling

Reviews:
I explained everything from the design stage to the result, and I was satisfied with the service.
Bioneer clearly explained to us everything from the designing of protocols to gaining of results. Overall, I am satisfied with the service.

Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology Chemical Biology Research Center / Regulation of central gene related to welfare genetics

Reviews:
Overall, I felt satisfied with the results.

* Above contents are some of reviews gained from our past customers with their consents.

Beside those institutes, we have provided our service to Gangnam Cha Hospital CHA Cancer Institute, College of Pharmacy Kunkuk University, Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Department of Life Science, Catholic University of Daegu, Life Science Research Institute of Asan Medical Center, Department of Radiology of Asan Medical Center, Sookmyung Women's University Immunology Laboratory, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine etc.

Reference List

▶ List of articles using bioneer's qPCR array service

Publication year	Title	Author	Journal
2024	Extracellular vesicles from periodontal pathogens regulate hepatic steatosis via Toll-like receptor 2 and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1	Kim, H. Y., Lim, Y. G., Jang, J. S., Ko, Y. K., Choi, Y. N., Kim, H. H. & Choi, B. K.	J Extracell Vesicles, 13(1), e12407
2022	Preventive Effects of a Human Hematopoietic Mesenchymal Stem Cell (hHMSC) Therapy in Ovalbumin-Induced Food Allergy	Lee, D. G., Lee, Y. J., Park, S. H., Kang, H. & Kim, J. E.	Biomedicines, 10(2), 511
2021	Therapeutic tissue regenerative nanohybrids self-assembled from bioactive inorganic core / chitosan shell nanounits	Kim, H. S., Lee, J. H., Mandakhbayar, N., Jin, G. Z., J., Kim, S. J., Yoon, J. Y., … & Kim, H. W.	Biomaterials, 274, 120857
2021	A Hepatitis B Virus-Derived Peptide Can Inhibit Infection of Human Lung Cells with SARS-CoV-2 in a Type-1 Interferon-Dependent Manner	Choi, Y. M., Jeong, H., Park, U., Cho, N. H. & Kim, B. J.	Viruses, 13(7), 1227
2021	Sex-related Differences in Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein-positive GABA Regulate Neuropathology Following Pilocarpine-induced Status Epilepticus.	Hong, G. P., Kim, M. H., & Kim, H. J.	Neuroscience, 472, 157-166.
2021	Mitochondrial-encoded MOTS-c prevents pancreatic islet destruction in autoimmune diabetes	Kong, B. S., Min, S. H., Lee, C., & Cho, Y. M.	Cell Reports, 36(4), 109447.
2021	O-Linked N-Acetylglucosamine Modification of Mitochondrial Antiviral Signaling Protein Regulates Antiviral Signaling by Modulating Its Activity.	Seo, J., Park, Y. S., Kweon, T. H., Kang, J., Son, S., Kim, H. B., ... & Cho, J. W.	Frontiers in immunology, 11, 3681.
2020	Particulate matter less than 10 μm (PM10) activates cancer related genes in lung epithelial cells.	Kang, D., Jung, I. B., Lee, S. Y., Park, S. J., Kwon, S. J., Park, D. H., & Son, J. W.	Inhalation Toxicology, 32(13-14), 487-493.
2020	Genome based quantification of VHSV in multiple organs of infected olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) using real-time PCR.	Kim, H., Baek, K. W., Ko, E. J., Luan, N. T., Lim, Y., Roh, H. J., ... & Cha, H. J.	Genes & Genomics, 42, 773-777.
2018	Additive effect of oral LDD175 to tamsulosin and finasteride in a benign prostate hyperplasia rat model.	Choi, B. R., Kim, H. K., Soni, K. K., Karna, K. K., Lee, S. W., So, I., & Park, J. K.	Drug design, development and therapy, 12, 1855.
2018	VEGF siRNA delivery by a cancer-specific cell-penetrating peptide.	Lee, Y. W., Hwang, Y. E., Lee, J. Y., Sohn, J. H., Sung, B. H., & Kim, S. C.	Journal of microbiology and biotechnology, 28(3), 367-374.
2018	Additive effect of oral LDD175 to tamsulosin and finasteride in a benign prostate hyperplasia rat model.	Choi, B. R., Kim, H. K., Soni, K. K., Karna, K. K., Lee, S. W., So, I., & Park, J. K.	Drug design, development and therapy, 12, 1855.
2017	Montanide IMS 1312 VG adjuvant enhances the efficacy of immersion vaccine of inactivated viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV) in olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus.	Hwang, J. Y., Kwon, M. G., Kim, Y. J., Jung, S. H., Park, M. A., & Son, M. H.	Fish & shellfish immunology, 60, 420-425.
2016	Set7/9, a methyltransferase, regulates the thermogenic program during brown adipocyte differentiation through the modulation of p53 acetylation.	Son, M. J., Kim, W. K., Park, A., Oh, K. J., Kim, J. H., Han, B. S., ... & Bae, K. H.	Molecular and cellular endocrinology, 431, 46-53.
2016	FOXC2 and CLIP4: a potential biomarker for synchronous metastasis of≤ 7-cm clear cell renal cell carcinomas.	Ahn, J., Han, K. S., Heo, J. H., Bang, D., Kang, Y. H., Jin, H. A., ... & Ham, W. S.	Oncotarget, 7(32), 51423.
2015	Negative pressure wound therapy of chronically infected wounds using 1% acetic acid irrigation.	Jeong, H. S., Lee, B. H., Lee, H. K., Kim, H. S., Moon, M. S., & Suh, I. S.	Archives of plastic surgery, 42(1), 59.
2015	Influence of gastrointestinal stress on autoinducer-2 activity of two Lactobacillus species.	Yeo, S., Park, H., Ji, Y., Park, S., Yang, J., Lee, J., ... & Holzapfel, W.	FEMS microbiology ecology, 91(7).
2015	Intracellular annexin A2 regulates NF-κ B signaling by binding to the p50 subunit: implications for gemcitabine resistance in pancreatic cancer.	Jung, H., Kim, J. S., Kim, W. K., Oh, K. J., Kim, J. M., Lee, H. J., ... & Bae, K. H.	Cell death & disease, 6(1), e1606-e1606.
2014	Ectopic expression of CaWRKY1, a pepper transcription factor, enhances drought tolerance in transgenic potato plants.	Moon, S. J., Han, S. Y., Kim, D. Y., Kim, B. G., Yoon, I. S., Shin, D., ... & Byun, M. O.	Journal of Plant Biology, 57(3), 198-207.
2014	Autoinducer-2 associated inhibition by Lactobacillus sakei NR28 reduces virulence of enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157: H7.	Park, H., Yeo, S., Ji, Y., Lee, J., Yang, J., Park, S., ... & Holzapfel, W.	Food Control, 45, 62-69.
2013	Abrogation of galectin-4 expression promotes tumorigenesis in colorectal cancer.	Kim, S. W., Park, K. C., Jeon, S. M., Ohn, T. B., Kim, T. I., Kim, W. H., & Cheon, J. H.	Cellular Oncology, 36(2), 169-178.
2013	Cholesterol induces cardiac hypertrophy by activating the AKT pathway.	Lee, H., Yoo, Y. S., Lee, D., & Song, E. J.	The Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology, 138, 307-313.
2013	Cancer upregulated gene 2, a novel oncogene, confers resistance to oncolytic vesicular stomatitis virus through STAT1-OASL2 signaling.	Malilas, W., Koh, S. S., Srisuttee, R., Boonying, W., Cho, I. R., Jeong, C. S., ... & Chung, Y. H	Cancer gene therapy, 20(2), 125-132.
2012	Indirubin-3-monoxime exhibits anti-inflammatory properties by down-regulating NF-κB and JNK signaling pathways in lipopolysaccharide-treated RAW264. 7 cells.	Kim, J. K., & Park, G. M.	Inflammation Research, 61(4), 319-325.

Adipogenesis PCR Library	Adipogenesis PCR Library is for researching the expression of key genes involved in the differentiation and maintenance of mature adipocytes which have multi function, such as storing energy, doing as dynamic endocrine organ, hormone and cytokine (adipokine) secretion. · Click here for gene information
Blood Coagulation PCR Library	Blood Coagulation PCR Library is for researching the expression of key genes involved in blood coagulation processes, including factors in many blood disorders such as peripheral arterial and cardiovascular disease, sickle cell anemia, anti-thrombin deficiencies, von Willebrand disease (vWD) and many other conditions associated with thrombosis and platelet aggregation defects. · Click here for gene information
Cardiogenesis-promoting Factor PCR Library	Cardiogenesis-promoting Factor PCR Library is for researching the expression of key genes involved in heart development including the process of cell specification, cell differentiation, cell migration, morphogenesis and interactions among cells from several embryonic origins. · Click here for gene information
Cardiomyocyte Differentiation PCR Library	Cardiomyocyte Differentiation PCR Library is for researching the expression of key genes involved in cardiac organogenesis. · Click here for gene information
Cell Cycle and Regulators PCR Library	Cell Cycle and Regulators PCR Library contains genes that both positively and negatively regulate the cell cycle, the transitions between the each of the phases, DNA replication, checkpoints and arrest. Using real-time PCR, you can easily and reliably analyze expression. · Click here for gene information
Cell Lineage Identity PCR Library	Cell Lineage Identity PCR Library is for researching the expression of key genes involved in cellular differentiation. Analysis with the genes could suggest the cellular status of an intermediately or terminally differentiated cell, and/or the mechanism of a studied differentiation process. · Click here for gene information
Cell Motility and Regulators PCR Library	Cell Motility and Regulators PCR Library is for researching the expression of key genes involved in the movement of cells. · Click here for gene information
Cell Surface Markers PCR Library	Cell Surface Markers profiling PCR Library contains genes for researching the expression of cell surface markers. Analysis results from these genes can be used as cell-type markers, subtype characterization or organ transplantation studies. · Click here for gene information
Cellular Senescence PCR Library	Cellular Senescence PCR Library is for researching the expression of key genes involved in the initiation and progression of the biological process causing cells to lose the ability to divide. · Click here for gene information
CYP450 and other Oxygenases PCR Library	CYP450 and other Oxygenases PCR Library is for researching the expression of key genes participating in the CYP450 containing systems including the cytochrome oxidoreductase and the cytochrome b5 reductases. Moreover, these include the functionally related members of the monooxygenase, monoamine oxygenase and lipooxygenase families. · Click here for gene information
Cytoskeleton Regulators PCR Library	Cytoskeleton Regulators PCR Library is for researching the expression of key genes involved in controlling the intracellular scaffolding's biogenesis, organization, polymerization, and depolymerization. · Click here for gene information
Differentiation Markers PCR Library	Differentiation Markers PCR Library is for researching the expression of key genes which are important for the identification of specific cell types. · Click here for gene information
DNA Methylation and Transcriptional Repression PCR Library	DNA Methylation and Transcriptional Repression PCR Library is for researching the expression of key genes involved in transcriptional repression mechanism in the precise control of gene expression. · Click here for gene information
Endothelial Cell PCR Library	Endothelial Cell PCR Library is for researching the expression of key genes involved in endothelial cell biology which is critical in the progression of disease processes including inflammation, atherosclerosis, and tumor angiogenesis. · Click here for gene information
Epigenetic Chromatin Remodeling Regulators PCR Library	Epigenetic Chromatin Remodeling Regulators PCR Library is for researching the expression of key genes involved with recognizing chromatin modifications and remodeling, enzymes known or predicted to modify genomic DNA, histones to regulate chromatin accessibility and therefore gene expression. · Click here for gene information
Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition and Regulators PCR Library	Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition and Regulators PCR Library is for researching the expression of key genes involved in either change their expression during this process or regulate those gene expression changes. · Click here for gene information
Extracellular Matrix and Adhesion Molecules PCR Library	Extracellular Matrix and Adhesion Molecules PCR Library is for researching the expression of key genes important for cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions. · Click here for gene information
Glycosylation Regulators PCR Library	Glycosylation Regulators PCR Library is for researching the expression of key genes involved in encoding enzymes that post-translationally add and remove sugar residues to and from proteoglycans and glycoproteins. · Click here for gene information
Guidance Cues, Growth Cone Motility and Regulators PCR Library	Guidance Cues, Growth Cone Motility and Regulators PCR Library is for researching the expression of key genes involved in promoting the initiation, extension, stabilization or retraction of individual filopodia, or the capture or stabilization of microtubules in specific regions of the neuronal growth cone. · Click here for gene information
Heat Shock Proteins and Regulators PCR Library	Heat Shock Proteins PCR Library is for researching the expression of key genes encoding heat shock proteins (HSPs, or molecular chaperones) which are important components of cellular networks. · Click here for gene information
Ligand Gated Ion Channels and Regulators PCR Library	Ligand Gated Ion Channels and Regulators PCR Library is for researching the expression of key genes encoding ion channel family members responding to chemical signal (the ligand). · Click here for gene information
Mitochondria Metabolism PCR Library	Mitochondria Metabolism PCR Library is for researching the expression of key genes involved in the biogenesis and function of the cell's powerhouse organelle. It includes regulators and mediators of mitochondrial molecular transport of not only the metabolites needed for the electron transport chain and oxidative phosphorylation, but also the ions required for maintaining the mitochondrial membrane polarization and potential important for ATP synthesis. · Click here for gene information
Osteogenesis PCR Library	Osteogenesis PCR Library is for researching the expression of key genes involved in osteogenic differentiation which is critical for development of the skeletal system as well as bone mineral metabolism. · Click here for gene information
Phosphodiesterase Pathway PCR Library	Phosphodiesterase Pathway PCR Library is for researching the expression of key genes encoding Phosphodiesterases. Its activity is cleaving a variety of substrates, such as phosphodiester bonds in second messenger molecules cAMP and cGMP. · Click here for gene information
Polycomb, Trithorax Complexes and Regulators PCR Library	Polycomb, Trithorax Complexes and Regulators PCR Library is for researching the expression of key genes encoding polycomb and trithorax complex components including chromatin modification enzymes and remodeling factors. · Click here for gene information
Primary Cilia and Regulators PCR Library	Primary Cilia and Regulators PCR Library is for researching the expression of key genes important for ciliary organization and maintenance. · Click here for gene information
Skeletal Muscle PCR Library	Skeletal Muscle PCR Library is for researching the expression of key genes involved in skeletal muscle differentiation, function and disease-related processes. · Click here for gene information
Sperm Motility PCR Library	Sperm Motility PCR Library is for researching the expression of key genes involved in sperm cell motility and behavior. · Click here for gene information
Stress Response and Regulators PCR Library	Stress Response and Regulators PCR Library is for researching the expression of key genes involved in cellular stress response, such as encoding antioxidant and pro-oxidant enzymes, molecular chaperones and proteins involved in xenobiotic metabolism. · Click here for gene information
Synaptic Plasticity and Regulators PCR Library	Synaptic Plasticity and Regulators PCR Library is for researching the expression of key genes involved in synaptic alterations during learning and memory. · Click here for gene information
Telomeres, Telomerase and Regulators PCR Library	Telomeres, Telomerase and Regulators PCR Library are for researching the expression of key genes involved in telomere replication and maintenance. · Click here for gene information
Transcription Factors PCR Library	Transcription Factors PCR Library is for researching the expression of key genes directly controlling when, where, and the extent to which genes are expressed. · Click here for gene information
Ubiquitination and Regulators PCR Library	Ubiquitination and Regulators PCR Library is for researching the expression of key genes involved in regulated degradation of cellular proteins or foreign proteins by the ubiquitin-proteasome system. · Click here for gene information
Ubiquitin-Proteasome Dependent Proteolysis PCR Library	Ubiquitin-Proteasome Dependent Proteolysis PCR Library is for researching the expression of key genes involved in ubiquitin degradation process. · Click here for gene information
Unfolded Protein and Regulators PCR Library	Unfolded Protein and Regulators PCR Library is for researching the expression of key genes involved in the recognizing and responding to misfolded protein accumulation in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Misfolded proteins and chaperon complex in ER induce extreme stress by initiating protein kinase cascades which cause inhibiting ER translation, reverse ER translocation, and activating ubiquitination enzymes. This signaling pathway is also involved in transcriptional factors synthesis increasing the expression of heat shock proteins, protein disulfide isomerases and more chaperones. Moreover, it influences glycosylation enzymes regulating ER protein folding quality control and the sensor recognizing, and transcriptional factors responding to cholesterol biosynthesis dysregulation. · Click here for gene information
Voltage-Gated Ion Channels PCR Library	Voltage-Gated Ion Channels PCR Library is for researching the expression of genes encoding the component of transmembrane ion channels which have a critical role in neurons as well as in other types of cells. · Click here for gene information
Wound Healing PCR Library	Wound Healing PCR Library is for researching the expression of key genes involved in wound healing processes which pass through three overlapping phases; inflammation, granulation and tissue remodeling. · Click here for gene information

Antigen Presentation and Processing PCR Library	Antigen Presentation and Processing PCR Library is for researching the expression of key genes which is important for dendritic cell activation and maturation, such as cytokines, chemokines, their receptors are included on this array along with other related cell surface receptors and signal transduction molecules. · Click here for gene information
Antiviral Immune Response PCR Library	Antiviral Immune Response PCR Library is for researching the expression of key genes involved in the innate antiviral immune responses. Anti-viral innate immune response is triggered by pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), such as toll-like (TLRs), Nod-like (NLRs), and RIG-I-like receptors, resulting in inducing the expression of inflammatory cytokines including alpha and beta interferons. · Click here for gene information
Autophagy PCR Library	Autophagy PCR Library is for researching the expression of key genes involved in autophagy, an intracellular catabolic process that destroys a cell's own damaged proteins and organelles via the lysosome. · Click here for gene information
B cell Signaling Pathway PCR Library	B Cell Signaling Pathway PCR Library is for researching the expression of key genes involved in B cell activation and signaling that occurs through the B cell receptor (BCR). · Click here for gene information
Chemokine and Receptors PCR Library	Chemokine and Receptors PCR Library is for researching the expression of key genes encoding chemokines and their receptors, such as members of the C-C and C-X-C subfamilies and their receptors as well as other related genes. · Click here for gene information
Cytokine and Receptors PCR Library	Cytokine and Receptors PCR Library is for researching the expression of key genes encoding important cytokines, such as interferons and interleukins, bone morphogenetic proteins (BMP), members of the TGF-ß family, platelet-derived and vascular endothelial growth factors, tumor necrosis factors. · Click here for gene information
FoxP3 and Regulators PCR Library	FoxP3 and Regulators PCR Library is for researching the expression of key genes involved in FoxP3 signaling transduction which is selectively expressed in T regulatory cells and is a master regulator of their development and function. · Click here for gene information
Helper T Cell Differentiation and Regulators PCR Library	Helper T Cell Differentiation and Regulators PCR Library is for researching the expression of key genes regulating the commitment of precursor T cells to differentiate into specific effector subtypes including the gene of cytokine, cytokine receptor, transcription factor, and other signaling molecule regulating differentiation into Th1 or Th2 cells as well as specific markers for these subtypes. · Click here for gene information
Immune Complement PCR Library	Immune Complement PCR Library is for researching the expression of key genes involved in immune complement which is major components of the classical, alternative and lectin pathways, including accessory molecules and multiple complement control proteins. · Click here for gene information
Immune System Phenotyping and Regulators PCR Library	Immune System Phenotyping and Regulators PCR Library is for researching the expression of immune cell surface markers for discriminating the major immune cell lineages, such as B-cells, T-cells, NK cells, mast cells, basophils, red blood cells, dendritic cells and macrophages. Markers are also included for many lineage subtypes, such as marginal zone B cells, B1 B cells, T-regs, Th-17, Th1, Th2 and NKT cells. · Click here for gene information
Immunological NF-κB Signaling Pathway PCR Library	Immunological NF-κB Signaling Pathway PCR Library is for researching the expression of key genes involved in the activation and signaling of NF-κB. · Click here for gene information
Immunology PCR Library	Immunology PCR Library is for researching the expression of key genes involved inthe immune system and immune related disorders including signaling molecules, apoptotic mediators, immune complement, cytokines / chemokines (and their receptors), MHC molecules, interferon response genes, secreted lytic molecules, immunoglobulins, immune transcription factors and surface molecules. · Click here for gene information
Inflammation and Regulators PCR Library	Inflammation and Regulators PCR Library is for researching the expression of key genes involved in inflammatory response. · Click here for gene information
Innate and Adaptive Immune Response PCR Library	Innate and Adaptive Immune Response PCR Library is for researching the expression of key genes involved in the host response to bacterial infection and sepsis by including genes related to IL-1R and TLR genes involved in the detection of pathogens. · Click here for gene information
Interferon α, β Response and Regulators PCR Library	Interferon α, β Response and Regulators PCR Library is for researching the expression of key genes involved in the interferon-α and interferon-β immune responses. · Click here for gene information
Leukocyte Migration PCR Library	Leukocyte Migration PCR Library is for researching the expression of key genes involved in functions, such as cytoskeletal remodeling, cell-cell interaction/adherence, and intracellular transduction. · Click here for gene information
Phagocytosis PCR Library	Phagocytosis PCR Library is for researching the expression of key genes involved in phagocyte-microbe contaction, intracellular signals, cytoskeletal rearrangement, alterations in membrane trafficking, activation of microbial killing mechanisms, production of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, activation of apoptosis, and production of molecules required for efficient antigen presentation to the adaptive immune system. · Click here for gene information
T Cell Activation and Regulators Pathway PCR Library	T Cell Activation and Regulators Pathway PCR Library are for researching the expression of key genes representing T cell activation, a key part of adaptive immunity. · Click here for gene information
T Cell Tolerance and Anergy PCR Library	T Cell Tolerance and Anergy PCR Library is for researching the expression of key genes involved in T-cell anergy and immune tolerance by including cell and B-cell regulators, cytokines and receptors, TNF superfamily members and their receptors, and transcriptional factors. · Click here for gene information
T helper 17 Cells and Regulators PCR Library	T Helper 17 Cells and Regulators PCR Library is for researching the expression of key genes involved in the functioning and characterization of Th17 cells, such as Th17- specific chemokines/cytokines and their receptors, important signaling molecules, genes induced by IL17, key surface markers and transcription factors that lead to Th17 development. · Click here for gene information
Toll-like Receptor Pathway PCR Library	Toll-like Receptor Pathway PCR Library is for researching the expression of key genes which are important to TLR-mediated signal transduction and innate immunity mediated by pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). · Click here for gene information